John Norris is Senior Research Director and Principal Research Scientist at Educational Testing Service. His research and teaching interests include language assessment, program evaluation, and language pedagogy, and he is particularly interested in task-based language education and the uses of research synthesis and meta-analysis in applied linguistics. After teaching English in Brazil and Hawaiʻi, he worked for two years as outcomes assessment specialist at Northern Arizona University, and for eight years as a professor in the Department of Second Language Studies and project director in the National Foreign Language Resource Center at the University of Hawai‘i. His work has been supported by Fulbright, Mellon, and Spencer Foundation grants, as well as through multiple research grants from the US Department of Education. He has served as chair of the TOEFL Committee of Examiners and the International Consortium on Task-Based Language Teaching, and on the editorial boards of a variety of scholarly journals.